Information Technology (402) · Class X · Chapter-wise Board Questions

(C) A customer is asking a question and the cashier responding.

(A) Shut the front door.

(B) Notice/Poster

(B) To acknowledge and respond to the message.

(C) Visual

b) Cultural barrier

(b) Cultural barrier

(a) Linguistic barriers – Use simple language or

(b) Cultural barriers – Be respectful of cultural differences or

(c) Physical barriers – Communicate in person when possible or

(d) Interpersonal barrier – Use visuals to aid communication

(1 mark for correct barrier and 1 mark for explanation)

7 C’s of communication are:

(i) Clear/ Clarity

(ii) Concise/Conciseness

(iii) Concrete/Concreteness

(iv) Correct/Correctness

(v) Coherent/Coherence

(vi) Complete/Completeness

(vii) Courteous/Courtesy

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant answer)

7 C’s of effective communication are:

(i) Clear/ Clarity : Be clear about what you want to say.

(ii) Concise/Conciseness : Use simple words (say only what is needed)

(iii) Concrete/Concreteness : Use exact words and facts.

(iv) Correct/Correctness : Use correct spelling and grammar.

(v) Coherent : Words should make sense and relate to the main topic.

(vi) Complete/Completeness : Include all the needed information.

(vii) Courteous/Courtesy: Be respectful, friendly, and honest.

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant explanation)

Non-verbal communication is the expression or exchange of information or messages without using any spoken or written word. Examples of non-verbal communication are Gestures, Expressions

(1 mark for correct definition + 1 mark for example)

People sometimes make stereotypical assumptions about others based on their cultural background, this leads to difference in opinions and can be a major barrier to effective communication. It helps us in converting our strength into an exceptional talent.

OR

Cultural barriers is when people of different cultures are unable to understand each other’s customs, resulting in inconveniences and difficulties, which leads to barriers in effective communication.

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

 Clear – Always say clearly, what you want to say.

 Concise – Always use simple language and say only what is required.

 Concrete – Always use proper words and phrases in the sentences.

 Correct – Always use correct spelling and grammar in the sentences.

 Coherent – Your word should be related to the main topic and your word should make sense.

 Complete – Your message should be complete and have all the needed information.

 Courteous – Be honest, respectful and friendly with others. (Any 2)

Think Before You Speak

• Think about your topic.

• Think about the most effective ways to make your listeners understand the topic.

• Write or note down whatever you plan to say. Concise and Clear

• Speak clearly, loudly and at moderate speed.

• Be sure the information you want to share is to the point.

• Do not repeat the same sentences. Confidence and Body Language

• Be confident.

• Maintain eye contact, stand straight and be attentive.

• Be friendly

(C) Set a SMART goal

(C) achievable

Time management is the ability to plan and control how you spend the hours of your day well and do all that you want to do.

OR

Time management means planning and organizing your time properly so that you can complete your work on time without stress.

OR

Time management includes making a daily study timetable, giving more time to difficult subjects, avoiding distractions like excessive mobile use, and finishing homework before deadlines.

(1 mark for correct/relevant answer)

(A) Managing emotions

(B) Self-motivation

(D) Maintaining a balance between life, work, and relaxation.

(C) Specific

(B) Emotional Intelligence

(D) Self-Motivation

(b) Stress Management

(b) Reduces efficiency

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

a) Stress

c) Achievable

(c) Both internal and external

(b) The ability to control one’s emotions, thoughts, and behavior in various situations

(a) Organize – Plan daily activities and make timetable.

(b) Prioritize – Rank tasks in order of importance.

(c) Control – Avoid time wasters and focus on important things.

(d) Track – Monitor how time is spent to identify improvements.

(1/2 mark for each correct step)

(a) Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify and manage one’s own emotions as well as the emotions of others.

OR

Emotional Intelligence is the ability to handle your feelings positively and respecting the emotions of people around you.

(1 mark for any correct/relevant answer)

(b) Skills included in emotional intelligence are:

 Emotional awareness

 Managing emotions

 Harnessing emotions

 Self-Awareness

 Motivation

 Empathy

 Social Skills etc.

(1/2 mark each for any two correct/relevant answer)

Managing stress is about making a plan to be able to cope effectively with daily pressures. The ultimate goal is to strike a balance between life, work, relationships, relaxation and fun.

OR

ABC of stress management A : Adversity or the stressful event. B : Beliefs or the way you respond to the event. C : Consequences or actions and outcomes of the event.

OR

Stress management refers to a set of techniques, strategies and practices aimed at reducing, coping with and effectively handling the various stressors that individuals encounter in their lives.

OR

Stress management means finding ways to handle stress and stay healthy, both mentally and physically. By doing this, you are able to deal with daily stress triggers and meet these challenges head on.

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

Four simple stress management techniques are as follows :

(a) Time Management

(b) Physical exercise and fresh air

(c) Healthy diet

(d) Positivity

(½ mark for each correct technique.)

When one is clear on the best use of time, one becomes more focused and productive. Good time management helps in achieving bigger goals, reduces procrastination and increases productivity, as a result more chances of getting success in life.

OR

Time management is an important life skill that helps you make the most of your time without affecting your mental health. It can help you achieve your goals, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and improve your overall productivity.

OR

Time management skills help you reduce stress and prioritise your time. Effective time management clarifies your goals and prioritises your most important tasks. As a result, you have more time to achieve bigger and better results.

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

Self-awareness means that we can identify our strengths and weaknesses.

OR

Self-awareness means being aware of your personality, likes and dislikes, thoughts, beliefs, emotions and motivations.

OR

Having conscious knowledge of yourself, capabilities, feelings and your own character is called self-awareness. Benefits of self-awareness:

 It helps us in converting our weakness into strength.

 It helps us in converting our strength into an exceptional talent.

 It allows us to understand other people.

 It influences our personal development.

 It makes us more confident, innovative, empathetic.

 Ability to work independently.

 Better communication skills.

 Better decision making skills.

 Improved relationships and team work.

 Better leadership skills etc.

(1 mark for any correct/relevant definition)

(1/2 mark each for any two correct/relevant benefits)

a) Mental:

 Unable to handle their assignment, submission deadlines and examination grades

 High expectations from self/family/society

 Uncontrolled internet usage (viz. Social media, Gaming etc.)

 Financial constraints/problems

 Poor time management

 Stress due to Pandemic/Unforeseen circumstances

 Health issues

 Not getting due attention/importance (identity crisis) etc.

b) Social:

 Discord among family members

 Peer Pressure

 Status show off

 Maintaining balance in relationships among friends/family

 Bullying/Stalking/Trolling

 Physical appearance

 Gender Bias etc.

(1 mark each for any correct/relevant example)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Maya can manage her emotional intelligence by following these steps:

1. Understand her emotions – Reflect on her behavior and identify areas where she needs to improve, focusing on personal growth.

2. Rationalize – Avoid quick reactions; analyze situations logically before responding.

3. Practice – Stay calm through meditation, yoga, or other relaxation techniques. (Any 2)

Tracking time helps to:

● Identify time-wasting activities and unproductive habits

● Improve time management for studies and tasks

● Balance academics with extracurriculars and personal time

● Allocate time for relaxation and self-care

● Achieve academic goals more efficiently and reduce stress before exams

(D) Google Android

(D) Letters, numbers and special characters

(A) Folder

(C) Operating System

(B) Dot (.)

(b) Viruses

(c) Task Bar

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

d) Operating System

(c) It can prevent data from getting corrupt

No, this is not addressable. If we leave the device plugged in for long time, it can overheat the battery. This reduces the battery life.

(1 mark for correct Yes/No)

(1 mark for justification)

ICT skills helps us to communicate, run our business and stay connected with our family and friends. Every person needs to acquire ICT skills and build them to stay updated with the latest software and applications.

OR

ICT skills help us in communication, Education and Learning, Online Services (shopping, reservations, payments, banking etc.), Improve Work Efficiency and find information easily.

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

Tips to keep the computer in perfect working condition are :

 Uninstall unused programs and apps.

 Run disk-cleaner software.

 Run full system virus scan.

 Run disk defragmentation.

 Shut down the computer after use.

 Keep your computer clean by wiping off dust from the keyboard and screen.

 Keep your computer software/apps updated.

 Install licensed antivirus software.

 Be careful with food and drinks while working on computer.

 Do not overcharge your battery.

 Backup your data regularly.

 Do not use pirated software.

 Do not respond to/open spam emails and unknown links.

 Organise photos into folders or albums.

(1/2 mark each for any four correct/relevant answer)

A computer can be protected against viruses by installing anti-virus software and firewall, as anti-virus software and firewall monitor the data coming in and going out of a computer and prevent the virus from entering. Anti-viruses can also detect a clean virus that may have entered a computer.

(2 marks for the correct answers.)

Spam Mails (Definition) When we get mails from companies who are advertising a product or trying to attract you to their website. Such mails are called spam.

OR

Spam emails also known as junk mails, are unwanted emails that are sent from unknown sources without the recipient's consent. They are often sent for commercial purposes, and can be sent in large volumes. Ways to handle spam mails (any one of the following):

• Report the email as spam

• Block spam email addresses

• Use an email alias

• Change your email privacy settings

• Unsubscribe from unwanted newsletters or mailing lists

• Keep your email address private

• Use a third-party spam filter

• Never respond to spam mails

• Delete spam mails on a regular basis

(1 mark for definition and 1 mark for any correct/relevant way to handle spam mails)

(1 mark for writing any one point for files, 1 mark for writing any one point for folders)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Following are general rules to be followed for creating strong passwords:

 Keep the length of the password 12–14 characters if permitted.

 Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter or number sequences, usernames, relative or pet names etc.

 Include numbers and symbols in passwords if allowed.

 Use capital/upper-case and small/lower-case letters.

 Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or purposes.

 Avoid using something that the public or workmates know you strongly like or dislike.

 Use random password generators if possible.

 Use a combination of alphanumeric and special characters Example of a strong password: genXHd#@123$

(1/2 mark each for any four rules)

(1/2 mark should be given for correct example)

Sara can protect her data by following these measures:

1. Use strong passwords – Create passwords that are hard to guess by including:

o Small letters

o Capital letters

o Numbers

o Special characters

2. Install antivirus and firewall – These tools help protect data from viruses and hackers.

3. Encrypt data – Keep information in an encrypted format to prevent unauthorized access.

4. Open only secure websites – Ensure website addresses start with https://, which indicates a secure site. (Any 2)

To safeguard your data from theft and viruses, consider the following measures:

1. Use Strong Passwords: Create difficult-to-guess passwords using a mix of lowercase and uppercase letters, numbers, and special characters. This prevents unauthorized access to your computer.

2. Install Anti-virus and Firewall: These tools monitor incoming and outgoing data, preventing viruses from entering and detecting any that may have already accessed your system.

3. Encrypt Data: Important information can be encrypted using tools like BitLocker, requiring a decryption password to access the hard disk, thus blocking unauthorized usage.

4. Secure Sites: Only share credit card or bank information on secure sites, indicated by “https://” and a lock symbol in the browser's address bar.

General guidelines for managing strong passwords

• Keep the length of the password at least 12-14 characters if permitted.

• Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter or number sequences, usernames, relative or pet names, personal information etc.

• Include numbers and symbols in passwords.

• Use a combination of capital and lowercase letters.

• Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or purposes.

• Avoid using something that the public or workmates know about your likes or dislikes.

• Use random password generators if possible.

• Example of a strong password: u1vX:,4Hd{]$

(1/2 mark for each name of four datatypes/category and 1/2 mark for each correct/relevant explanation)

(D) Patient

born not made OR rich not poor

(1 mark for any correct answer)

(B) Every business idea must be unique or special.

(B) An accountant working at a bank.

(D)Wealthy

Myth

(1 mark for correct answer)

(c) They do not create jobs

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Entrepreneur

(1 mark for correct answer)

Entrepreneurial skill / Leadership skill

(1 mark for any correct answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

c) Calculated Risk

(a) takes responsibility for his mistakes

Misconception 1 : Every business ideas needs to be unique. Misconception 2 : Need lots of money to start business. Misconception 3 : Only a person having big business is an entrepreneur. Misconception 4 : An entrepreneur is born not made.

(1 mark for each correct answer)

Qualities to become a successful entrepreneur are:

 Confident

 Keep trying new idea

 Patience

 Creative/ Innovative

 Responsible

 Hardworking

 Problem solving

 Risk Taking

 Leadership Skills

 Decision Making etc.

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant answer)

Functions of an entrepreneur are :

 Making decisions.

 Managing the business/ arranging raw material/hiring people/capital.

 Dividing the income/Buying raw material/Paying rent/Paying salaries.

 Taking risk.

 Creating a new method/idea/product/employment.

(1/2 mark each for any four correct/relevant answer)

Any four qualities of a successful entrepreneur are as follows :

(a) They are confident.

(b) They are hard working.

(c) They are patient.

(d) They are creative.

( ½ mark each for any four correct point)

Misconceptions about entrepreneurship are:

• Every business idea needs to be unique or special.

• A person needs a lot of money to start a business.

• Only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur.

• Entrepreneurs are born, not made.

• Successful entrepreneurs possess innate/extraordinary qualities that cannot be learned.

• Entrepreneurs are mainly motivated to get rich.

• Entrepreneurs always make profit.

(2 marks for any two correct/relevant misconception)

Qualities of successful entrepreneur:

 They are confident/ patient/ optimistic/ energetic/ passionate/ risk takers/ innovative/ perseverant/ hard working/ persistent/ disciplined/ self-independent/ decision makers/ problem solver/ visionary.

 They provide job opportunities.

 They believe in themselves and their abilities.

 They keep trying new ideas in their business.

 They have leadership qualities.

 They are creative and think differently about business ideas.

 They take responsibility for their actions.

 They do not give up when they face a difficulty.

 They have competitive spirit.

 They have good communication skills.

 They have strong work ethics etc.

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant qualities)

Promotional functions of an entrepreneur:

 Idea Discovery/Idea generation/ Ideation

 Determining the business objective

 Detailed Investigation

 Assembling the Requirements/procurement of Machines and Materials/ Resource acquisition

 Preparation of Business Plan

 Financing

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant functions)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(1 mark each for correct explanation of Agricultural and Small-scale entrepreneurship)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Functions of an Entrepreneur are:

1. Making Decisions: Entrepreneurs make daily choices about what to produce or sell, pricing, and market locations.

2. Managing the Business: They plan the business's future, arrange for raw materials, hire staff, and ensure plans are followed.

3. Dividing Income: Entrepreneurs allocate business funds for materials, rent, and salaries.

4. Taking Risks: They face risks related to fires, theft, and lost items.

5. Creating New Methods, Ideas, or Products: Entrepreneurs innovate to enhance their business's significance and profitability.

(C) Increase in use of fuel for making tea.

(C)

(A) Population

(B) Education

(A)To meet current needs without harming future generations' ability to meet their needs.

(C) 17

Prithvi (Earth), Agni (Fire), Jal (Water), Vaayu (Air), Aakash (Space)

(1/2 mark for any one correct answer)

OR

Soil, Coal, Petrol, Diesel, Minerals, Sunshine, animals, human beings, Plants, Fossil Fuel

(1/2 mark for any one relevant answer)

Methods that can be adopted to promote sustainable development are:

 Protecting and living in harmony with the nature

 Considering all human beings as equal

 Promoting good governance

 Using science and technology responsibly

 Creating healthy, social and economically viable society

 Organic farming

 Vermi-composting

 Rainwater harvesting

 Proper use of means or resources

 Development of Positive Attitude and Holistic Approach Towards Conservation

 Integrated Socio-Economic Development

 Development based on People’s Participation

 Limited Development

 Long-Lasting Development

 Any one R’s (REFUSE, REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE, RECOVER AND REPAIR) OR 1U (UPCYCLE)

 Any one from 17 Sustainable Development Goals (Like Gender equality, Life on land etc.)

(1 mark for any one correct answer)

OR

(1 mark for any other relevant answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

d) All of the above

(b) Life on land

(a) Reuse Paper, Glass, Plastic, Water.

(b) Take cloth bags for shopping.

(c) Donate unused items like clothes, books, furniture.

(d) Buy and eat seasonal fruits and vegetables from local growers.

(e) Repair leaking pipes and taps to avoid wastages of water.

(f) Sort and treat garbage before disposing.

(1/2 mark for each correct way) (any four)

Sustainable development is the development that satisfies the need of the present without compromising the capacity of future generations, guaranteeing the balance between economic growth, care for the environment and social well-being.

OR

Sustainable development means using resources wisely today so that future generations can also meet their needs.

OR

Sustainable development is development that supports economic progress without harming natural resources for the future.

OR

Sustainable development means improving quality of life while conserving resources for coming generations.

OR

Sustainable development is responsible development/consumption that maintains environmental balance along with social and economic growth.

OR

Sustainable development means attaining any of the 17 SDGs (like No poverty, Quality education etc.)

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

Problems related to sustainable development are:

 Food : The amount of rich, fertile land needed to grow crops, such as wheat, rice, etc., is becoming less as we are using up more and more land for other purposes.

 Water : We use fresh water from rivers and ponds for drinking and cleaning but dump garbage into them.

 Fuel :We are using a lot of wood from trees as fuels and for construction of homes and furniture. As more and more trees are being cut, it is affecting the climate of the place. (Note: Any problem related to 17 SDG’s should also be considered.)

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant answer)

Importance of Sustainable Development Economic development is using up resources of the world so quickly that our future generations, the young people of the world, would have serious environmental problems, much worse than those that we are facing at present. With increasing population and income, the consumption of goods is increasing day by day. This has led to increase in production and utilisation of natural resources, which are required for producing goods. Since most of the natural resources are scarce, therefore, careful utilization of resource is necessary. Society must thus change its development strategy to a new form where development will not destroy the environment i.e. through sustainable development. So sustainable development is extremely important to protect the resources for future generations.

(2 marks for correct answer)

Ways to get clean and affordable energy:

• Using solar power i.e., power generated using the sun does not cause pollution as it does not require burning of non-renewable fuels, such as coal.

• Use of biogas is also an eco-friendly alternative to natural gas.

• Wind Energy is a form that uses the power of wind to generate electricity.

• Hydropower energy is generated using force of running water.

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant answer)

R’s of sustainability stands for REFUSE, REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE, RECOVER and REPAIR. 1U of sustainability stands for UPCYCLE. REFUSE means to stop using products that may harm the environment. REDUCE means minimizing the use of products that may cause harm to the environment. REUSE means using the products as far as possible, to reduce waste generation. RECYCLE means creating new products from old products. The quality is usually affected and the new product is not of the same quality as the original product. RECOVER means a safe and eco-friendly alternative should be used in place of a thing. For example, using a cloth bag instead of a polythene bag. REPAIR means to fix things/products instead of buying new ones. UPCYCLE allows the scope of human skills to get their due. Any product that is not usable can be upcycled with creativity and innovation.

OR

UPCYCLE means reuse (discarded objects or material) in such a way as to create a product of higher quality or value than the original.

(2 mark for correct explanation of any one from REFUSE, REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE, RECOVER, REPAIR , UPCYCLE)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Food:

 Increasing use of land for non-agricultural purposes reduces fertile soil for crops like wheat and rice.

 Overuse of chemical fertilizers depletes soil nutrients and contaminates the soil. Water:

 Freshwater from rivers and ponds is used for drinking and cleaning, but dumping garbage contaminates it.

 This pollution can lead to a shortage of clean water for human consumption in the future.

The 17 SDGs have been made with the aim of taking care of important issues facing businesses, governments and society. Some of these issues are poverty, gender equality, water use, energy, climate change and biodiversity. Countries are now making policies and regulations that will promote sustainable systems needed in all economic sectors to provide a secure, affordable and sustainable economy.

(C) Chart

(B) Six

(B) Fill Format

(B) Page Style

(B) 10

(A) Styles

(B) Fill Format

(B) Style

(B) Styles

(C) Format

(d) Paragraph Style

Fill Format / Fill Format mode

(1 mark for correct answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

a) Use Fill Format option; stop it by clicking Fill Format button again or pressing Esc

b) Update Selected Style

(b) Fill Format option

(c) 10

Using frame style, a document can be organised in sections, so that each section of the page can have a different appearance.

OR

Frames are like containers, which can hold text, graphics and lists.

OR

Frame Styles allows to format a frame by specifying its size, position, border and how the text is placed around the picture.

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

● Page Style – Controls overall page layout such as page size, margins, header, footer, footnote settings, borders, and background. A document can have multiple page styles.

● Paragraph Style – Applies formatting to entire paragraphs. It includes alignment, line spacing, tab stops, borders, and may also include character attributes.

● Character Style – Used for specific words or letters within a paragraph. It controls text colour, font size, highlighting, and emphasis without affecting the whole paragraph.

● Frame Style – Used for formatting frames (containers that hold text, graphics, or lists). It specifies frame size, position, borders, and text wrapping around the frame.

● List Style – Applies formatting to numbered or bulleted lists. It allows changing bullet symbols, numbering formats, and levels of lists.

● Table Style – Used to format tables. It controls borders, text alignment inside cells, colours, and patterns for better presentation of tabular data. (Any 2)

A Style is a collection of all formatting information, which you want to save and then apply on the document. Writer provides six Style categories – Page, Paragraph, Character, Frame, List and Table.(Mention any two)

(A) Solarisation

(C) Graphics file formats

(C) Anchoring

(B) Image Mode

(C) Sharpen

(A) To background

(A) Image

(D) Text Wrapping

(D) Hold down the Ctrl and Shift key while dragging and dropping the image.

(B) Raster Image

(c) Resize

(b) Sharpen

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(a) It reduces the document size by storing only the reference to the image.

(d) Text Wrapping

Riya should use the

- Resize option to adjust the images size

- Crop option to remove the unwanted background.

To group drawing objects:

(i) Select one object, hold down the shift key and select the others which need to be included in the group.

(ii) Hover the mouse pointer over one of the objects and choose Format →Group →Group from the new bar or right click and choose Group → Group From the pop-up menu.

(2 marks for writing correct steps)

Difference between Keep Scale and Keep image size:

(1 mark for writing any one point for Keep Scale, 1 mark for writing any one point for Keep image)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(a) The image file stored on the computer, can be inserted into a document by following ways:

 Using Insert Image dialog

 Using Drag and Drop option

 Using Cut, Copy and Paste option

 By linking

 Using Gallery option

(1/2 mark each for any four correct/relevant answer)

(b)

(2 marks for any correct/relevant answer)

(a) LibreOffice Writer allows grouping different shapes, to behave as a single entity without affecting their size and position. Once grouped, all shapes belonging to that group become its member and a change applied on one-member works on all.

OR

Grouping drawing objects in Writer allows users to move, align, resize, and format multiple objects simultaneously.

(b) Text Wrapping : It allows the placement of image in relation to text.

OR

Controls how text flows around an image or object. Image alignment : It allows the vertical or horizontal placement of the image with respect to its anchor.

OR

Determines the placement of an image relative to the page or text, such as aligning left, right, or center.

(2 marks for correct/relevant answer of each part)

(a) Anchoring acts as a reference point for image or drawing. Anchoring allows an image to retain its position to a page, paragraph, character or frame whereas in Overlapping objects arrangement determines the position of the current drawing with respect to other drawings or text.

(b) Inverts the colour values of coloured images. In case the image is gray- scale then its brightness is inverted.

(c) LibreOffice Writer allows grouping these different shapes, to behave as a single entity without affecting their size and position. Once grouped, all shapes belonging to that group become its member and a change applied on one member works on all.

(2 marks for Anchoring and Arrangement)

(1 mark for Invert definition)

(1 mark for Grouping Drawing objects – definition)

(a) Arrangement Arrangement refers to the placement of a graphic on an imaginary vertical axis. Arrangement controls how graphics are stacked upon each other or relative to the text.

OR

Arranging an image means to determine its position relative to other images, objects or text. Send to back, send backward, bring to front, bring forward are the various options available under this.

(b) Text Wrapping Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to the surrounding text, which may wrap around the graphic on one or both sides, be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic, or treat the graphic as a separate paragraph or character.

OR

Text wrapping causes all the text to wrap around the image so that the image does not interfere with line spacing. Various text wrapping options are: before, after, parallel, through and optimal.

(2 mark each for correct/relevant explanation of Arrangement and Text Wrapping)

(a) Arrangement – It is used to manage overlapping images (e.g., Forward One, Back One, Send to Back, Bring to Front).

(b) Anchoring + Alignment – Anchoring keeps the image fixed (to Page), and Alignment places it at the center.

(c) Text Wrapping – Options like Page Wrap or Optimal Page Wrap allow text to flow smoothly around the image.

(d) Bring to Front – This arrangement tool places the advertisement image above all other elements.

(D) Automatically generate a list of headings along with their page numbers.

(D) On the right side of the window

(A) Template

(D) Table of Contents

(C) Blank document

(C) Table of content

(B) Edit

(D) 7

(B) Two

(D) F4

(c) 10

(c) Paint

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

c) Table of Contents

b) He forgot to apply heading styles (Heading 1, Heading 2, etc.) to his document headings

c) Ctrl + Shift + N

c) Templates

(c) Hyperlink

(d) We cannot create our own templates

Table of Contents, allows to insert an automated table of contents/index in a document. The entries or contents of this table are automatically taken from the headings and sub headings of the document. Also, these contents are hyperlinked in the table. So by clicking on any topic in the table of contents, we can navigate directly to the selected topic.

(2 mark for the correct/relevant answer)

OR

Significance of Table of Contents are:

 Easy Navigation – It helps readers quickly find different sections or topics in the document.

 Saves Time – Users can directly click on headings to jump to a specific page.

 Professional Appearance – It gives the document a neat, structured, and formal look.

 Automatic Updating – When headings or page numbers change, the TOC is updated automatically.

 Useful for Long Documents – Such as projects, reports, books etc.

(1/2 mark each for any two correct/relevant significance and 1 mark for writing correct/relevant explanation)

A template is a preset layout that helps to create professional and/or formal documents easily. In a template we can create and save defined headings, text formats, styles, page numbers, headers and footers.

(1 mark for correct definition + 1 mark for correct explanation)

Characteristics of a template in Open Office Writer:

 A template is a pre-defined format/model that is used to create other documents.

 They can contain anything that a regular document can contain- text, graphics, styles etc.

 Templates simplify the creation of documents.

 Templates can ease our workload

 Templates can increase our efficiency.

 They help in saving time and money.

 Templates improve clarity and consistency.

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant characteristics)

(a) Exporting a template means saving a template file to any desired folder or location on the computer using the Export template feature. It allows the template to be shared easily with other users or stored outside the default template categories. Exporting a template is different form moving a template from one category folder to another because moving only changes the category of the template within LibreOffice, whereas exporting creates a copy of the template at a selected location on the computer.

(b) Step-by-step procedure to export a template : (1) Open the Templates dialog box and select the template that you want to export. (2) Click on the export button located at the bottom right of the dialog box. (3) The select Path dialog box appears. Choose the folder where you want to export the template. (4) Click the OK button. The template is exported to the selected folder and a confirmation dialog box is displayed.

A mail merge is a way to take a letter you’ve written and send it to a whole bunch of people, personalizing it with information about them so they might think that you typed that letter personally for them. It can also be a quick way to generate labels to be pasted on envelopes. Major benefits of mail usage are as follows:

• It saves time.

• It is fast.

• It is an efficient way to communicate with people.

• It is an economical way of communication.

• Personalized mails can be sent in bulk.

• It reduces efforts in writing bulk mails in one go.

(2 mark each for correct/relevant explanation & 2 marks for any two correct/relevant benefits)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

a) Track Changes is a powerful tool that makes the process of commenting, editing and reviewing a document easy between multiple users. A document created by one user needs to be reviewed and edited by self or other users. If any modifications are made in the document directly, the original document might get lost. Instead, the Track Changes feature of Writer offers an alternative method to keep a record of all the changes made in the original document. All the changes that are recorded can be either accepted or rejected by the original author.

b) View > Toolbars > Track Changes.

c) Yes

d) Original Author

(B) Trends and relationships

(A) Scenario

(B) Tools

(C) What-if Scenarios

(B) Sum

(C) What-if Scenarios

(B) Subtotal

(B) Subtotal

(A) Consolidate

(B) Goal Seek

(B) Define Range

(D) Solver

(b) Subtotal

(c) Scenario

OR

(a) Solver

OR

(b) Goal Seek

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

b) Use Consolidate with the "Link to source data" option enabled

a) Goal Seek – because it adjusts the input (loan duration) to reach the exact target output (EMI = ₹12,000).

(b) By using the What-if scenario feature in the spreadsheet to create and analyse different budget options

(b) It automatically groups data and applies common functions like sum and average.

The Subtotal tool in Calc creates the group automatically and applies common functions like sum, average on the grouped data. One can use any type of summary function for each column as per the requirements of data analysis. It can group subtotals by using category and sorts them in ascending or descending order so that one need not to use filters.

OR

Purpose of Subtotal in LibreOffice Calc is to calculate summary values (like sum, average, count, etc.) for grouped data in a worksheet.

OR

Subtotals is a feature of LibreOffice Calc software to group the data and perform functions (like sum, average, count, etc.) on the groups which help us to analyze data and saves time.

(2 mark for any correct/relevant answer)

Two prerequisites before consolidating data in Calc are:

 The corresponding data types should match in all sheets to be consolidated.

 All the tables used for consolidation should be consistent across all sheets.

 Match the labels from all the sheets which are used for consolidating.

 Enter the first column as the primary column on the basis of which the data is to be consolidated.

(1 mark for any two correct/relevant answer)

Goal seek helps in finding out the input for the specific output.

OR

Goal seek helps to do backward/reverse calculation to obtain an input that would result in a given output. For example, if you want to know the number of units produced to get the desired output then use Goal seek analysis tool.

(1 mark for correct/relevant definition and 1 mark for any relevant example)

Data Consolidation allows you to gather together your data from separate worksheets/workbooks into a master worksheet.

OR

Data Consolidation function takes data from a series of worksheets or workbooks and summarises it into a single worksheet that you can update easily.

(2 marks for writing correct/relevant answer)

Tools > Goal Seek

(a) What-if Analysis tool is very helpful when we want to know how much profit we earn for a particular product for a series of selling units.

(b) The Multiple Operations tool creates a formula array to display the list of results applying the formula on a list of alternative values used in the formula.

(c) Data

(d) Two

(a) Consolidate data

(b) Data -> Consolidate

(c) Sum( ) / Sum

(d) It can be done by creating a hyperlink

(1 mark for correct answer of each part)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(A) Tools → Macros → Record Macro

(A) a set of instructions in a programming language.

(C) Add-In

(a) repeat a task

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Sub, End Sub

(a) IDE

The significance of using a Macro as a function in LibreOffice Calc is that it allows users to perform repetitive and complex calculations efficiently when no predefined function is available. It helps save time and effort by eliminating the need to repeatedly type and remember formulas. A macro function can accept arguments, perform calculations on different data across multiple sheets and return results, making data processing more flexible, consistent and accurate.

A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instruction.

OR

The recorded macros are actually stored as a set of instructions in a programming language.

OR

A macro is a set of commands or keystrokes that are stored for later use. Rules for naming a macro are : The name should

(a) Begin with a letter

(b) Not contain spaces

(c) Not contain special characters except for (underscore)

(1 mark for writing correct/relevant definition and 1/2 mark each for any two correct rules)

A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instructions. Real-life uses:

1. Preparing a monthly sales report where the same formatting and calculations are applied every time.

2. Creating attendance sheets with repeated formatting and formulas.

(a) A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instructions. These sets of instructions can be a sequence of commands or keystrokes that can be used for any number of times later.

(b) The Rules for naming a Macro are :

(i) Begin with a letter

(ii) Not contain spaces

(iii) Not contain special characters except for _ (underscore)

(c) Steps 1  Click on Tools > Macros > Record Macro option. Steps 2  Now start taking actions that will be recorded. Steps 3  Once done, click on “Stop recording” button to stop the recording of actions. Step 4  Click on save button after selecting the object where the macro to be saved.

(1 mark for Macro-definition)

(1 mark for any two rules)

(2 marks for Macro steps)

a) Repetitive tasks like calculating average scores, ranking teams based on performance, and generating graphs could be done with macros. It will save time and effort.

b) Tools > Options > LibreOffice > Advanced. Observe the Optional Features. Two options are not check marked. Put the checkmark on the option “Enable macro recording”

c) No, solution*word is not a valid macro name. Macro names cannot include special characters such as asterisks (*) or spaces. Valid characters typically include letters, numbers, and underscores.

d) Opening or switching of windows

(A) $

(D) .ods

(A) Absolute hyperlink

(D) +

(C) Absolute hyperlink

(D) $

(c) cell reference

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

b) External References to other documents

(b) Relative

The External Data Dialog box in LibreOffice Calc is used to import or link tables from external sources, such as HTML documents or web pages, into a spreadsheet. It allows the user to select the specific table or data range from the external document and insert it into Calc, making it easy to work with up-to-date information without manually copying and pasting data.

An absolute hyperlink stores the complete location where the file is stored. So, if the file is removed from the location, absolute hyperlink will not work. For example : C:\Users\ADMlN\ Downloads\try.ods is an absolute link as it defines the complete path of the file. A relative hyperlink stores the location with respect to the current location. For example : Admin\Downloads\ try.ods is a relative hyperlink as it is dependent on the current location and thus the folder admin is searched where the active spreadsheet is being stored. If the complete folder containing the active spreadsheet is moved the relative link will still be accessible as it is bound to the source folder where the active spreadsheet is stored.

(1 mark for correct definition of each)

The reference has two parts:

1. The sheet name enclosed within single quotes

2. The cell reference/address. Both the parts are separated by a period (.) or exclamatory mark(!) Syntax: =‘SheetName’.CellAddress for example : = ‘Savings Account’ . F3. In this example, Savings Account is the name of the sheet and it is enclosed in single quotes whereas F3 is the cell of this sheet that is being referenced.

(2 marks for correct/relevant answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Four types of hyperlinks are :

• Internet : the hyperlink points to a web address, normally starting with http://

• Mail and News : the hyperlink opens an email message that is pre-addressed to a particular recipient.

• Document : the hyperlink points to a place in either the current worksheet or another existing worksheet.

• New document : the hyperlink creates a new worksheet.

(1/2 mark each for writing any one correct type of hyperlink & 1/2 each for any correct/relevant explanation)

(a)

(b)

(1 mark each for writing any one point for Relative hyperlink, Absolute hyperlink, Internet hyperlink, Document hyperlink)

(a) The absolute hyperlink failed because it stored the complete path (specific to Arjun’s computer). On another system, the same path did not exist. A relative hyperlink solves this by linking relative to the folder where the spreadsheet is stored, so it works even if moved.

(b) Target in Document helps by allowing navigation directly to a specific sheet, table, or section inside the document, saving time in large spreadsheets.

(c) He should use Link to External Data, which imports live tables from a web page. This is beneficial because data stays updated automatically without manual entry.

(d) Arjun should right-click the hyperlink → choose Edit Hyperlink to modify it or Remove Hyperlink to delete it.

(C) Use the shared spreadsheet feature for collaborative editing.

(B) Track Changes

(D) Insert Comments

(B) Edit

(D) Comment

(A) Record Changes

(B) Record Changes

(C ) Edit → Compare Document

(1 mark for correct answer)

(D) Adding Text

(a) a dot in the upper left-hand corner

(a) Record Changes

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

c) Edit > Track Changes > Manage

b) Open Budget_Raj.ods, use Compare Document to review differences, then use Merge Document to finalize. Q. No. QUESTION Marks

(b) Select Edit > Track Changes > Compare Documents option.

A shared spreadsheet is a same sheet that can be accessed by more than one user and can allow them to make changes simultaneously on it. Advantages are :  It saves the trouble of keeping track of multiple copies of the same spreadsheet.  Sharing allows working in collaboration so that everyone can contribute, make changes and view it.

(1 mark for correct definition + ½ mark each for any two advantages)

Sometimes, multiple reviewers return edited versions of a worksheet at the same time. In this case, it may be quicker to review all of these changes at once, rather than one review at a time. For this purpose, Calc provides the feature of merging worksheets.

OR

When multiple copies of same worksheets are modified by multiple users then all of them need to be merged into a single sheet.

OR

To summarize/combine data from separate worksheets into a single sheet, we need to merge worksheet.

(2 marks for correct/relevant answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(a) Disable Shared Spreadsheet mode.

(b) The word (shared) disappears from the spreadsheet title bar.

A shared spreadsheet is a same sheet that can be accessed by more than one user and can allow them to make changes simultaneously on it. It saves the trouble of keeping track of multiple copies of the same spreadsheet. Sharing allows working in collaboration so that everyone can contribute, make changes and view it.

1. Open the spreadsheet file Bill.ods.

2. Click on Edit → Track Changes → Compare Document

3. In the Compare to dialog window, select the spreadsheet file Rev_Bill.ods to be compared. Click the Open button.

4. The Manage Changes dialog window will appear to accept or reject the changes. After reviewing the changes, click the Close button to close the Manage Changes dialog window.

(1 mark for each correct step)

(C) Record

(B) MySQL

(C) Data Consistency

(D) Hierarchical

(A) Ingress/Ingres

(B) Primary

(d) Impress

Flat file

(1 mark for correct answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Composite Primary Key / Composite key / Primary Key.

(1 mark for correct answer)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

c) Composite

a) Relational Data Model

(b) Organized and processed data that provides meaningful insights.

(a) Relational Data Model

(b) It uniquely identifies each record in a table.

• In this model, multiple records are linked to the same master file.

• It is also considered as an inverted tree where master is present in the bottom of the tree and the branches contain information linked to the master.

(1 mark for any relevant difference and 1 mark for any relevant example)

A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row/record in a table.

OR

A primary key is a field/column/attribute or set of fields/columns/attributes which uniquely identifies records/rows/tuples in a table/relation.

OR

Primary Key cannot contain duplicate values and it cannot be NULL.

OR

Primary Key = Unique + Not Null How is primary key different from foreign key:

 A foreign key can contain duplicate values while primary key cannot.

 A foreign key can contain null value while primary key cannot.

 A table can have multiple foreign keys but only one primary key.

 Value of foreign key is derived from primary key.

 A primary key of a table is referred as foreign key in another table.

 Primary key focusses on uniqueness of values while foreign key is used for creating relationships between tables.

 The foreign key identifies a column or set of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table.

(1 mark for definition of Primary key and 1 mark for any one correct/relevant difference)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(a) Database Management System

(b) • Organised Storage – The data in the database is stored in an organised manner, so that retrieval of the required data is fast and accurate.

• Data Analysis – A database helps in analysis of data based on certain criteria. It is easy to find out maximum or minimum value, average or mean using a database.

• Data Sharing – If the same data set is required for different applications then the database can be shared with other applications. Hence using a database means making it once and using it repeatedly for multiple applications.

(c) Char – Stores exactly the length specified by the user. Character data type is used to enter a fixed number of characters. Varchar – Stores upto the specified length. The number of bytes allocated depends on the number of characters entered by the user.

(d) Text Box Label or any other two valid controls.

(a) Entity : It is a real world object about which information is to be stored in a database. Entity Name in the given example : CUSTOMERS

(b) There are 12 data values present in the above shown table.

(c) Two ways to create the above table are :

• Creating Table in Design View

• Use Wizard to Create Table

(d) Timestamp as it is a type of date data type that stores date and time information at once.

(a) The candidate keys are BID and NAME.

(b) The attribute BID can be used as the primary key as it can be used to uniquely identify the records.

(c) The field PRICE should be currency data type as it indicates the monetary values and can be stored using currencies of various countries.

(d) In Boolean data type there can be only two values – True or False. This also can be given in multiple formats like Yes/No, True/False, On/Off.

(1 mark for correct identification of Candidate Key)

(1 mark for correct identification of Primary Key)

(1 mark for correct explanation)

(1 mark for correct datatype definition)

(a) Fields in the table : Book Title, Author Name, Price, Publisher

(b) Primary key : Book Title – because each book in the table is unique and can identify a record.

(c) Alternate key : Author Name could serve as an alternate key if no two books have the same author.

(d) Difference between Primary Key and Foreign Key :

Note: the printed marking scheme for this question appears to answer a different table (Books : Book Title, Author Name, Price, Publisher), so parts (a) to (c) below do not match the table in the question. Part (d) is general and applies as printed.

a) A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that helps users create, manage, and manipulate databases. It allows for efficient data storage, retrieval, and organization.

b) Advantages of using DBMS:

● Data Integrity: Ensures accuracy and consistency of data.

● Data Security: Provides access controls to protect sensitive information.

● Reduced Data Redundancy: Minimizes duplication of data across the database.

● Data Management: Simplifies data handling through structured query language (SQL). c)Two database programs:

● MySQL

● Open Office Base

d) The ISBN (International Standard Book Number) can be set as a primary key, as it uniquely identifies each book in the inventory.]

(C) It is owned by Microsoft company

(D) Sorting

(B) Currency

(C) Datasheet

(B) It is free and open source software

(C) Charts

(A) Boolean

(C) LONGVARBINARY

(C) text (varchar)

(a) photos, music files, etc.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

Record / Tuple / Row

(1 mark for correct answer)

Sorting means to arrange the data in either ascending/increasing/A-Z order or descending/decreasing/Z-A order.

(1 mark for correct explanation)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

b) 20 bytes

Data in a table can be arranged in ascending or descending order. This process of arranging the records in particular order on any field is called sorting. There are two types of Sorting :  Sort Ascending  Sort Descending

(1 mark for correct definition + 1 mark for correct types)

(1/2 mark each for any two column names and 1/2 mark each for their data type)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(a) Suitable Datatype

• Student_ID : Char/ Varchar/ Longvarchar

• Age : Integer/ Tinyint/ Smallint/ Bigint/ Numeric

(b) Primary Key: Student_ID or Phone_Number. It uniquely identifies each student in the table.

OR

No two students have the same Student_ID/ Phone_Number.

(c) If Primary Key: Student_ID then Alternate Key Phone_Number

OR

If Primary Key: Phone_Number then Alternate Key Student_ID

(d) Attributes : 4 Records : 3

(1 mark each for correct answer of each part)

Data types of DBMS are:

• Numeric Types: It stores numeric type of data.  Boolean: It can store Yes/No type values in the form of 0 or 1  Integer/Int/ Tinyint/ Smallint/ Mediumint/ Bigint: It can store integer values.  Number/ Numeric/Float/Double/Real: It stores integers or whole numbers, and number with decimals.  Decimal: It can store number with decimals.

• Alphanumeric Types: It stores text or/and numeric type of data.  Char: It stores exactly the number of characters specified by the user.  Varchar: It stores up to the specified number of characters.  Longvarchar: It stores up to the maximum number of characters specified by the user.  Varchar_ignorecase: It stores up to the specified number of characters. Comparisons are not case-sensitive, but stores capitals as you type them.

• Binary Types: It stores array of bytes  Binary: It is fixed, stores any array of bytes.  Varbinary: It is not fixed. stores any array of bytes.  Longvarbinary: It stores any array of bytes (images, sounds, etc).

• Date time: It stores date and(or) time information.  Date: It stores month, day and year information.  Time: It stores hour, minute and second information.  Timestamp: It stores date and time information.

(1/2 mark each for name of four datatypes/category and 1/2 mark for each correct/relevant explanation)

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(B) Data redundancy

(C) No Action

(B) data type, same

(D) Redundancy

(D) Delete

(c) Every foreign key value must match a primary key in the referenced table or be null.

Important prerequisites for setting a relationship between two tables in LibreOffice Base are :

(a) both the tables must have a common column

(b) the data type of the common field/column in the table must be the same

(1 mark each for any correct/relevant answer)

Two benefits are:

• Saves time as there is no need to enter the same data in separate tables.

• It helps in summarizing data from related tables.

• It reduces data redundancy

• It reduces data inconsistency

• It maintains data integrity

• It allows data sharing among all database users

• It allows centralized control of data

(1 mark each for any two correct/relevant benefits)

There are three types of relationships which can be created in tables:

1. ONE to ONE

2. ONE to MANY or MANY to ONE

3. MANY to MANY One to One Relationship: In this relationship, both the tables must have primary key columns.

OR

In this relationship, primary key column of one table is associated with primary key column of another/associated table.

OR

In this relationship, a record in table A is associated with only one record in table B. One to Many Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key column. It signifies that one column of primary key table is associated with all the columns of associated table.

OR

In this relationship, one record of parent table is associated with more than one record of another/associated/child table.

OR

In this relationship, one record in table A is associated with several records in table B. Many to One Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key column. It signifies that all the columns of primary key table are associated with one column of associated table.

OR

In this relationship, more than one record of parent table is associated with one record of another/associated/child table.

OR

In this relationship, several records in table A is associated with one record in table B. Many to Many Relationship: In this relationship, no table has the primary key column. It signifies that all the columns of primary key table are associated with all the columns of associated table.

OR

In this relationship, a record in table A is associated with several records in table B and vice-versa.

(1 mark each for correct explanation of any two types of relationship)

Note: 1/2 Marks should be awarded for example without explanation.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

While working with multiple tables, you need to check the redundancy and inconsistency of data. The record for a particular entity should neither be repeated nor different data values should appear for a single entity in the database. This is done by setting relationships between the tables of a database.

(a) ItemType, Size, Quantity, Price, Supplier (any two)

(b) No, because ItemID is a primary key in Gadget table.

(c) Yes, BINARY/ LONGVARBINARY

(d) According to the principle of referential integrity, no unmatched foreign key values should exist in the database. Therefore, if a record of any ItemID is not present in the Gadgets table, then it should not be present in the Bill table.

OR

Referential integrity is a rule in a database that ensures data in related tables remains consistent and valid.

OR

It means that a foreign key in one table must match a primary key in another table.

(1 mark for correct/relevant answer for each part)

(a) Advantages of relating two tables in a database are:

 It helps prevent missing data by keeping deleted data from getting out of sync.

 To maintain Referential Integrity.

 To prevent Data Redundancy.

 To prevent Data Inconsistency.

 To maintain Data Accuracy.

 To retrieve data from multiple tables.

 Restricts the user from entering invalid data.

 Any updation in the master table / parent table is automatically reflected in the transaction table/ child table.

(b) Many-to-many relationship : there will be multiple records in the master table that correspond to multiple records in the transaction table.

OR

A many-to-many relationship exists when multiple records in one table relate to multiple records in another table.

OR

A many-to-many relationship occurs when a record in Table A can be related to multiple records in Table B.

OR

OR

(2 marks for correct/relevant answer of each part)

(a) The most important prerequisite for setting a relationship is that there must be a common field(s) between the two tables to create a relationship.

(b) Primarily three types of relationships can be set up between two tables in a relational database.

(i) One-to-One

(ii) One-to-many

(iii) Many-to-Many

(c) In that case, LibreOffice base will display an error message and will not allow to set the relationship between the two tables.

(1 mark for most important prerequisite)

(1 mark for number of types)

(1 mark for naming any two)

(1 mark for correct answer of c)

(a) Referential Integrity: It ensures that every foreign key in the transaction table matches a primary key in the master table. Example: If CategoryID C003 is in Events, it must exist in EventCategory.

(b) No Action: Prevents deletion of a master record if related records exist in the transaction table. This avoids breaking links or losing related data.

(c) Update Cascade: If a master record is updated, all related foreign key values in the transaction table are automatically updated. Example: If CategoryID C003 is changed to C010 in EventCategory, all Events records with C003 are updated to C010.

(d) Set NULL vs Set Default: Set NULL: Related fields in the transaction table are set to NULL when the master record is deleted or updated. Set Default: Related fields are set to a predefined default value instead. Example: Master CategoryID C003 is deleted:

 Set NULL: Events table CategoryID becomes NULL.

 Set Default: Events table CategoryID becomes the default value (e.g., C001).

(D) In Datasheet View

(B) To retrieve data from the database and display it in the desired format

(C) Query

(C) Asc

(C) SELECT

(b) Structured Query Language

(a) WHERE

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

c) Three

(d) Add Table or Query

a) SELECT PNAME FROM PRODUCT WHERE CATEGORY = ’DOMESTIC’;

b) SELECT PNAME, PRICE FROM PRODUCT WHERE QUANTITY < 50;

c) SELECT PRICE, QUANTITY FROM PRODUCT WHERE PNAME = ‘LAPTOP’;

d) SELECT PNAME, QUANTITY FROM PRODUCT WHERE PRICE > 5000;

(1/2 mark for each SELECT Clause and 1/2 mark for each WHERE Clause)

Note: Case and Punctuation mark like (“ ”), (‘ ’), (;) should be ignored.

(1/2 mark each for writing correct data type of each column)

(b) Consider the following table "Books" Write SQL queries to:

(i) Display data of all books whose quantity is more than 3. Ans: SELECT * FROM Books WHERE Qty > 3 ;

OR

SELECT BkID, BkName, Author, Qty, Price FROM Books WHERE Qty > 3 ;

(ii) Display total amount of all books whose price is less than 500. (Hint: amount= Qty x Price) Ans: SELECT Qty * Price FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

OR

SELECT Qty * Price AS Amount FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

OR

SELECT Qty * Price “Amount” FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

OR

SELECT Qty * Price “Total amount” FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

OR

SELECT Qty * Price AS TotalAmount FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

OR

SELECT Qty * Price AS Total_Amount FROM Books WHERE Price < 500 ;

(1/2 mark for each SELECT Clause and 1/2 mark for each WHERE Clause)

Note: Case and Punctuation mark like (“ ”), (‘ ’), (;) should be ignored.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

a) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE HOUSE = “GREEN”;

OR

SELECT ADMNO, NAME, GRADE, DOB, MARKS, HOUSE, GENDER FROM STUDENT WHERE HOUSE = “GREEN”;

OR

SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE HOUSE LIKE “GREEN”;

OR

SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE HOUSE IN (“GREEN”);

(1/2 mark for SELECT Clause) (1/2 mark for WHERE Clause)

b) UPDATE STUDENT SET MARKS=MARKS+5 WHERE ADMNO=1005;

OR

UPDATE STUDENT SET MARKS=MARKS+5 WHERE ADMNO IN (1005);

(1/2 mark for UPDATE Clause) (1/2 mark for WHERE Clause)

c) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE MARKS <80;

OR

SELECT ADMNO, NAME, GRADE, DOB, MARKS, HOUSE, GENDER FROM STUDENT WHERE MARKS <80;

(1/2 mark for SELECT Clause) (1/2 mark for WHERE Clause)

d) SELECT * FROM STUDENT ORDER BY MARKS DESC;

OR

SELECT ADMNO, NAME, GRADE, DOB, MARKS, HOUSE, GENDER FROM STUDENT ORDER BY MARKS DESC;

(1/2 mark for SELECT Clause) (1/2 mark for ORDER BY Clause)

(1 mark each for every correct answer)

Note: Punctuation mark like (“ ”),(‘ ’),(;) should be ignored.

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

(B) tool-tip

(B) an object with a user-friendly interface for data entry

(A) Calendar

(B) Label

(B) Form

(b) form

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

d) Forms are used to permanently store data like tables.

c) Both a and b

(c) Report

Form: A form provides the user a systematic way of collecting information for a database.

OR

It is an interface in a user specified layout that lets users view, enter and change data directly in database objects such as tables. Reports: A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner.

OR

A report is used to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.

OR

A report is an effective way to organise and summarize the data for viewing or printing.

(1 mark each for correct explanation of Form and Report)

(a) A report is one of the useful features of a database management system to present the retrieved data in an attractive and customized manner.

OR

Reports are used to present data in a well-organized/summarized, formatted/uneditable, and printable form for analysis and decision-making.

(b) Yes

(c) A report in which, as the field values in the base table or query change, the report also changes automatically.

OR

Any changes or updates made even after the report has been generated will be reflected whenever the report is refreshed or reloaded.

(d) Insert, Date and Time.

(1 mark for correct/relevant answer of each part)

Forms: A database form provides the user a systematic and interactive way of storing information into the database. It is an interface in a user-specified layout that lets users view, enter and change data directly in database objects such as tables. Reports: A database report is the formatted and presentable result of data retrieved from database objects like tables or queries. A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner. It is used to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.

(2 marks each for writing correct/relevant explanation)

a) A form is an object of the database that has a user-friendly interface where data can be entered and seen in an attractive and easy-to-read format. For any database, it is the front end for data entry and data modification

b) There are two ways to create a form: • Using a wizard • Using the Design View

c) Forms Control Toolbar

d) The Records toolbar contains the navigation control buttons in the extreme left. With the help of these buttons, we can traverse and view the records in the file

(A) Exposure to toxic cleaning agents

(B) A probability of causing harm to people

(C) To promote employees’ health and safety

(B) Biological and chemical hazards

(C) Health

(B) DoIT

(C) Wear loose clothing or jewellery while working with machines.

(B) Something that can cause harm to people.

(D) Wear loose clothing or jewellery when working with machines

(B) Cleanliness of the workplace

(A) Physical hazard

(c) happy and healthy

No official marking scheme was published for this paper, so no answer is shown.

b) Ergonomic and Health Hazards

b) Clean her workstation, clear spaces around machines, immediately clean spills, report faulty lighting

• It clearly indicates the company’s commitment for their employee’s health and safety.

• It shows the performance of the business and the safety performance are compatible with each other.

• It clearly states that the company is not only doing the business for profits but it is taking care of all stakeholders.

• The accountability of every one working for the company is outlined for the workplace health, safety and security.

• Company can comply national policy on Occupational Health and safety (OH & S) of Government of India.

• Injuries and illness of the employees is prevented through such policy. (any two)

Common causes of electrical accidents at the workplace are:

 Exposed or worn-out wiring

 Overloading of electrical outlets

 Damaged or faulty electrical wires

 Faulty or poorly maintained electrical equipment

 Wet hands or working in damp conditions

 Lack of proper earthing (grounding)

 Using electrical appliances with loose connections

 Lack of safety precautions or negligence

 Using Substandard/ low-quality wires/ electrical Equipment

 Ignoring signage/ warning signs (like sparks, burning smell, or frequent tripping of MCB etc.)

 Unauthorized repairs or untrained handling of electrical systems etc. Preventive Measures:

 Electrical technicians and engineers should carry out routine inspections of all wiring to make sure there are no damaged or broken wires

 Replace damaged or exposed wires immediately

 Ensure proper earthing (grounding) of all electrical equipment

 Install MCB for circuit protection

 Avoid overloading electrical sockets

 Switch off the main power supply before repair or maintenance work

 Do not handle electrical appliances with wet hands

 Use insulated gloves and proper safety tools while working

 Use ISI-marked and standard quality electrical equipment

 Provide safety training and awareness to employees

 Display warning signs near high-voltage areas etc.

( 1/2 mark each for any two correct/relevant causes and 1 mark for any one correct/ relevant preventive measure)

Causes: Exposed or worn-out wiring, overloading electrical outlets, ungrounded or faulty equipment, unsafe use of electrical devices. Safety Measure: Provide basic training on electrical safety, keep water and food away from electrical equipment, and carry out routine inspections of wiring and equipment.

Safety: The work environment of the organisation must be safe. It must be free from hazards and risks. A hazard is something that can cause harm to the people Security: Every employee working in an organisation must feel that they are secured in the company campus. Security is a kind of freedom from any potential harm. Security ensures the safety of the people working in the organisation. This include various security such as personal safety, computer system safety, electrical safety, transport safety and other equipment safety.